Despite the small size of Israel in relation to other countries, it has one of the most diverse populations of flora around, with about 2,500 species of plants. By comparison, the British Isles, which are much larger than Israel, only have about 1,500. The diversity is due to the climate and connections with a large variety of climatic regions in Europe, Central Asia, the tropics, and the Sahara.
The Seven Species of the Land of Israel still dominate the landscape and play a special role in Jewish tradition. Wheat, barley, vines, fig trees, pomegranates, olive oil, and honey are the seven species mentioned in Deuteronomy 8:8, and only the first Seven Species fruits could be brought to the Temple as offerings. Today, there are numerous public gardens that showcase Israel’s flora, such as the Botanical Garden in Eilat, that are popular attractions.